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servlet+thymeleaf改良版

一、maven坐标

 <dependency>
      <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
      <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.12.RELEASE</version> <!-- 使用适当的Thymeleaf版本 -->
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version> <!-- 使用适当的Servlet API版本 -->
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

二、web.xml配置

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!-- 在servletContext中配置上下文参数 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>view-prefix</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/templates/</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>view-suffix</param-name>
    <param-value>.html</param-value>
  </context-param>

</web-app>

三、监听器

import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.context.WebContext;
import org.thymeleaf.templatemode.TemplateMode;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;

@WebListener
public class ThymeleafListener implements ServletContextListener {
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        // 获取ServletContext对象
        ServletContext servletContext = sce.getServletContext();

        // 从web.xml中读取配置参数
        String templatePrefix = servletContext.getInitParameter("template-prefix");
        String templateSuffix = servletContext.getInitParameter("template-suffix");

        // 创建Thymeleaf模板解析器
        ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(servletContext);
        
        // 设置模板解析器的前缀、后缀、编码方式和模板模式
        templateResolver.setPrefix(templatePrefix);
        templateResolver.setSuffix(templateSuffix);
        templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);

        // 创建Thymeleaf模板引擎
        TemplateEngine templateEngine = new TemplateEngine();
        templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);

        // 将模板引擎存储在ServletContext中，以便其他组件可以共享
        servletContext.setAttribute("templateEngine", templateEngine);
    }

    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        // 在应用程序销毁时执行一些清理操作
    }
}

四、demoServlet

import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.context.WebContext;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/hello")
public class HelloWorldServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 获取ServletContext中的Thymeleaf模板引擎
        TemplateEngine templateEngine = (TemplateEngine) getServletContext().getAttribute("templateEngine");

        // 创建WebContext对象，传入request和response对象
        WebContext webContext = new WebContext(req, resp, getServletContext(), req.getLocale());

        // 添加数据到上下文，用于在模板中渲染
        webContext.setVariable("message", "Hello, Thymeleaf!");

        // 渲染模板并将结果写入响应
        templateEngine.process("hello-template", webContext, resp.getWriter());
    }
}

五、html页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Hello Page</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to Thymeleaf Example</h1>
    
    <!-- 使用Thymeleaf表达式展示变量值 -->
    <p>Message: ${message}</p>
</body>
</html>