1.定义结构体


typedef struct DoubleLinkedNode
{
	char data;
	struct DoubleLinkedNode* previous;
	struct DoubleLinkedNode* next;
}DLNode,*DLNodePtr;

2.初始化


DLNodePtr initLinkList()
{
	DLNodePtr tempHeader = (DLNodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct DoubleLinkedNode));
	tempHeader->data = '\0';
	tempHeader->previous = NULL;
	tempHeader->next = NULL;
	return tempHeader;
}

3.打印

void printList(DLNodePtr paraHeader)
{
	DLNodePtr p = paraHeader->next;
	while (p != NULL)
	{
		printf("%c", p->data);
		p = p->next;
	}
	printf("\r\n");
}

4.插入


void insertElement(DLNodePtr paraHeader, char paraChar, int paraPosition)
{
	DLNodePtr p, q, r;
	//1.寻找插入的位置
	p = paraHeader;
	for(int i = 0; i < paraPosition; i++)
	{
		p = p->next;
		if (p == NULL)
		{
			printf("所给位置超出最大范围");
				return;
		}
	}
	//2.创建一个新的结点
	q = (DLNodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct DoubleLinkedNode));
	q->data = paraChar;
	//3.插入结点
	r = p->next;
	q->next = p->next;
	q->previous = p;
	p->next = q;
	if (r != NULL)
	{
		r->previous = q;
	}
}

在这里插入图片描述

5.删除


void deleteElement(DLNodePtr paraHeader, char paraChar)
{
	DLNodePtr p, q, r;
	p = paraHeader;
	//1.确定算删除元素的位置
	while ( (p->next != NULL)&& (p->next->data != paraChar))
	{
		p = p->next;
	}
	//2.如果没找到，就返回
	if (p->next == NULL)
	{
		printf("没找到");
		return;
	}
	//3.删除结点
	q = p->next;
	r = q->next;
	p->next = r;
	if (r != NULL) {
		r->previous = p;
	}
	//4.释放空间
	free(q);

}

6.插入删除测试


void insertDeleteTest() {
	// 创建一个结点
	DLNodePtr tempList = initLinkList();
	printList(tempList);

	// 添加结点.
	insertElement(tempList, 'H', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'e', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 3);
	insertElement(tempList, 'o', 4);
	insertElement(tempList, '!', 5);
	printList(tempList);

	// 删除结点
	deleteElement(tempList, 'e');
	deleteElement(tempList, 'a');
	deleteElement(tempList, 'o');
	printList(tempList);

	//再次添加
	insertElement(tempList, 'o', 1);
	printList(tempList);
}

7.地址测试


void basicAddressTest() {
	DLNode tempNode1, tempNode2;

	tempNode1.data = 4;
	tempNode1.next = NULL;

	tempNode2.data = 6;
	tempNode2.next = NULL;

	printf("The first node: %d, %d, %d\r\n",
		&tempNode1, &tempNode1.data, &tempNode1.next);
	printf("The second node: %d, %d, %d\r\n",
		&tempNode2, &tempNode2.data, &tempNode2.next);

	tempNode1.next = &tempNode2;
}

8.完整代码


#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
//定义结构体
typedef struct DoubleLinkedNode
{
	char data;
	struct DoubleLinkedNode* previous;
	struct DoubleLinkedNode* next;
}DLNode,*DLNodePtr;
//初始化
DLNodePtr initLinkList()
{
	DLNodePtr tempHeader = (DLNodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct DoubleLinkedNode));
	tempHeader->data = '\0';
	tempHeader->previous = NULL;
	tempHeader->next = NULL;
	return tempHeader;
}
//打印链表
void printList(DLNodePtr paraHeader)
{
	DLNodePtr p = paraHeader->next;
	while (p != NULL)
	{
		printf("%c", p->data);
		p = p->next;
	}
	printf("\r\n");
}
//插入结点
void insertElement(DLNodePtr paraHeader, char paraChar, int paraPosition)
{
	DLNodePtr p, q, r;
	//1.寻找插入的位置
	p = paraHeader;
	for(int i = 0; i < paraPosition; i++)
	{
		p = p->next;
		if (p == NULL)
		{
			printf("所给位置超出最大范围");
				return;
		}
	}
	//2.创建一个新的结点
	q = (DLNodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct DoubleLinkedNode));
	q->data = paraChar;
	//3.插入结点
	r = p->next;
	q->next = p->next;
	q->previous = p;
	p->next = q;
	if (r != NULL)
	{
		r->previous = q;
	}
}
//删除元素
void deleteElement(DLNodePtr paraHeader, char paraChar)
{
	DLNodePtr p, q, r;
	p = paraHeader;
	//1.确定算删除元素的位置
	while ( (p->next != NULL)&& (p->next->data != paraChar))
	{
		p = p->next;
	}
	//2.如果没找到，就返回
	if (p->next == NULL)
	{
		printf("没找到");
		return;
	}
	//3.删除结点
	q = p->next;
	r = q->next;
	p->next = r;
	if (r != NULL) {
		r->previous = p;
	}
	//4.释放空间
	free(q);

}
//测试
void insertDeleteTest() {
	// 创建一个结点
	DLNodePtr tempList = initLinkList();
	printList(tempList);

	// 添加结点.
	insertElement(tempList, 'H', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'e', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 3);
	insertElement(tempList, 'o', 4);
	insertElement(tempList, '!', 5);
	printList(tempList);

	// 删除结点
	deleteElement(tempList, 'e');
	deleteElement(tempList, 'a');
	deleteElement(tempList, 'o');
	printList(tempList);

	//再次添加
	insertElement(tempList, 'o', 1);
	printList(tempList);
}
//地址测试
void basicAddressTest() {
	DLNode tempNode1, tempNode2;

	tempNode1.data = 4;
	tempNode1.next = NULL;

	tempNode2.data = 6;
	tempNode2.next = NULL;

	printf("The first node: %d, %d, %d\r\n",
		&tempNode1, &tempNode1.data, &tempNode1.next);
	printf("The second node: %d, %d, %d\r\n",
		&tempNode2, &tempNode2.data, &tempNode2.next);

	tempNode1.next = &tempNode2;
}
void main() {
	insertDeleteTest();
	basicAddressTest();
}

9.运行结果



Hello!
没找到Hll!
Holl!
The first node: -1865286824, -1865286824, -1865286808
The second node: -1865286776, -1865286776, -1865286760