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Python编程入门常用代码

jjt二向箔 2023-06-02 阅读 99


这些代码片段涵盖了Python编程的一些常用方面,包括日期和时间操作、列表排序、字符串格式化、文件读写以及包和模块的使用。继续探索和学习这些概念,以及其他相关的Python特性,将使你的编程能力不断提升。


1.输出语句:


print("Hello, World!")  # 打印字符串


2.变量和赋值:


x = 5  # 整数
y = 3.14  # 浮点数
name = "Alice"  # 字符串
is_true = True  # 布尔值


3.输入语句:


name = input("请输入你的名字:")
print("你好," + name)

4.条件语句:


x = 10
if x > 5:
print("x大于5")
elif x == 5:
print("x等于5")
else:
print("x小于5")


5.循环语句:

for循环:


for i in range(5):
print(i)

while循环:


i = 0
while i < 5:
print(i)
i += 1


6.列表:


fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]
print(fruits[0])  # 输出第一个元素
fruits.append("grape")  # 添加元素
fruits.remove("banana")  # 移除元素


7.字典:


person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25, "city": "New York"}
print(person["name"])  # 输出键为"name"的值
person["age"] = 26  # 修改键为"age"的值
del person["city"]  # 删除键为"city"的键值对

8.函数:


def greet(name):
print("Hello, " + name + "!")


greet("Alice")  # 调用函数并传递参数



9.数字运算:


x = 5
y = 3
print(x + y)  # 加法
print(x - y)  # 减法
print(x * y)  # 乘法
print(x / y)  # 除法
print(x % y)  # 取模运算
print(x ** y)  # 幂运算


10.字符串操作:


text = "Hello, World!"
print(len(text))  # 字符串长度
print(text.upper())  # 转换为大写
print(text.lower())  # 转换为小写
print(text.replace("Hello", "Hi"))  # 替换字符串
print(text.split(","))  # 拆分字符串为列表


11.文件操作:


# 写入文件
file = open("myfile.txt", "w")
file.write("Hello, World!")
file.close()

# 读取文件
file = open("myfile.txt", "r")
content = file.read()
print(content)
file.close()

12.异常处理:


try:
x = 5 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("除数不能为零")


13.导入模块:


import math

print(math.sqrt(16))  # 平方根
print(math.pi)  # 圆周率

14.列表推导式:


numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared_numbers = [x**2 for x in numbers]
print(squared_numbers)

15.面向对象编程:


class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age

def greet(self):
print("Hello, my name is " + self.name)

person = Person("Alice", 25)
person.greet()

16.日期和时间操作:


import datetime

current_time = datetime.datetime.now()
print(current_time)
print(current_time.year)
print(current_time.month)
print(current_time.day)


17.列表排序:


numbers = [3, 1, 4, 2, 5]
numbers.sort()  # 升序排序
print(numbers)

numbers.sort(reverse=True)  # 降序排序
print(numbers)


18.字符串格式化:


name = "Alice"
age = 25
print("My name is %s and I'm %d years old." % (name, age))

# 使用f-string(Python 3.6+)
print(f"My name is {name} and I'm {age} years old.")

19.文件读写:


# 写入文件
with open("myfile.txt", "w") as file:
file.write("Hello, World!")

# 读取文件
with open("myfile.txt", "r") as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)

20.包和模块:

创建模块(例如,my_module.py):


def greet(name):
print("Hello, " + name + "!")

在另一个脚本中使用模块:


import my_module

my_module.greet("Alice")

Python编程入门常用代码_Python

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