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iOS小技能：APP内的本地化语言切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）

闲鱼不咸_99f1 2022-08-31 阅读 205
iOSbundle字符串#define

前言

原理：

  1. 从指定的表和包中返回字符串的本地化版本:​​NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil)​​
  2. 切换语言生效方式:采用销毁根控制器，重新进入一次
  3. 本地化字符串指定参数顺序


iOS小技能：APP内的本地化语言切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）_#define

iOS小技能：APP内的本地化语言切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）_iOS_02

I 字符串的本地化

1.1 用法

  • 创建字符串资源文件Localizable.strings

iOS小技能：APP内的本地化语言切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）_字符串_03

  • 为Localizable.strings添加多语言支持

    • iOS小技能：APP内的本地化语言切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）_bundle_04

选 make Localize代表会将Localizable.strings加入到英语的本地化文件夹en.lproj中去

iOS小技能：APP内的本地化语言切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）_iOS_05

Localizable.strings(English)对应en.lproj文件夹中的Localizable.strings文件 Localizable.strings(Chinese)对应zh-Hans.lproj文件夹中的Localizable.strings文件

  • 在资源文件Localizable.strings配置字符串对应的key和value。

​​en.lproj/Localizable.strings​​

static NSString * const kSystem      = @"SystemDefault";

static NSString * const kCH          = @"zh-Hans";
static NSString * const kEN          = @"en";


static NSString * const kProj        = @"lproj";
static NSString * const kLanguageSet = @"kLanguageSet";
"Connected" = "Connected";
"Tip"="Tip";

​​zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable.strings​​

"Connected" = "已连接";
"Tip"="提示";

iOS小技能：APP内的本地化语言切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）_iOS_06

  • 在代码中使用NSLocalizedString(key, comment)来读取本地化字符串，key是Localizable.strings文件中等号左边的字符串，comment纯粹是注释

#define NSLocalizedString(key, comment) \
      [NSBundle.mainBundle localizedStringForKey:(key) value:@""
#define NSLocalizedStringFromTable(key, tbl, comment) \
      [NSBundle.mainBundle localizedStringForKey:(key) value:@""
#define NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, tbl, bundle, comment) \
      [bundle localizedStringForKey:(key) value:@""
#define

1.2 语言的切换

//程序的本地化,引用国际化的文件
#define

#define HZLocalizedString(key, comment)               HZLocalizedStringFromTable(key, @"Localizable", nil)
#define




/**

 @param key <#key description#>
 @param table Localizable
 @return <#return value description#>
 */
- (NSString *)stringWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table
{
    //假如为跟随系统
    if (self.languageType==HZLanguageTypeSystem) {
        return  NSLocalizedString(key, nil);
    }

    //返回对应国际化文字
    if (_bundle) {
        return  NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil);
    }

    return NSLocalizedStringFromTable(key, table, nil);
}





// 使用QCTLocal读取本地化字符串

        [LBAlertController showAlertTitle:QCTLocal(@"tips") content:QCTLocal(@"str_cann_printer") cancelString:QCTLocal(@"cancel") cancleBlock:nil sureString:QCTLocal(@"sure") sureBlock:^{

如果没有对字符串进行本地化 或者 找不到key对应的值，NSLocalizedString将直接返回key这个字符串

重置TableBundle

- (void)resetBundle{

    NSLog(@"resetBundle:%@",_languageString);

    if ([_languageString isEqualToString:kEN] || [_languageString isEqualToString:kCH]) {
        NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:_languageString ofType:kProj];
        self.bundle = [NSBundle

1.3 强制为中文

由于审核时境外IP无法访问，决定去掉英文版本。

// 由于审核时，境外IP无法访问，决定去掉英文版本

- (void)setLanguageType:(HZLanguageType)languageType{
    //HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple
    languageType =HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple;
     _languageString = kCH;//强制为中文

    _languageType =languageType;

}
// 中英文切换
- (void)changeLanguageType:(HZLanguageType)type;
{
    if (self.currentLanguageType == type) {
        return;
    }

    self.languageType = type;

    switch (self.languageType) {

        case HZLanguageTypeSystem:

            self.languageString=kSystem;
            break;
        case HZLanguageTypeEnglish:

            self.languageString = kEN;
            break;
        case HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple:

            self.languageString = kCH;
            break;

    }

    //bundle 设置
    [self resetBundle];

    //设置语言，并作记录保存
    [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:_languageString forKey:kLanguageSet];
    [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] synchronize];

    //使用通知更改文字    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:kNoticeLanguageChange object:nil];

1.4 本地化字符串指定参数顺序

对于在中英文语法的区别，在本地化字符串的时候，我们常常需要调整stringWithFormat的参数顺序

  • ​​iOS本地化字符串指定参数顺序：应用场景：app内的多语言切换​​

原理：在%和@中间加上数值,2$)，数字代表参数的顺序

"FORMAT" = "I am %2$@ from '%1$@'";

II 自定义解析本地化字符串的工具类LanguageManager

2.1 代码实现

  • ​​LanguageManager​​

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#define HZLocalizedString(key, comment)               HZLocalizedStringFromTable(key, @"Localizable", nil)
#define

static NSString * const kNoticeLanguageChange = @"kNoticeLanguageChange";


typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, HZLanguageType) {
    HZLanguageTypeSystem,
    HZLanguageTypeEnglish,
    HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple,
};

@interface HZLanguageManager : NSObject

@property (nonatomic, assign, getter=currentLanguageType) HZLanguageType languageType;

+ (instancetype)defaultManager;

- (void)changeLanguageType:(HZLanguageType)type;
- (NSString *)stringWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table;
- (HZLanguageType)currentLanguage;

+ (BOOL

  • LanguageManager.h .m

static NSString * const kSystem      = @"SystemDefault";

static NSString * const kCH          = @"zh-Hans";
static NSString * const kEN          = @"en";


static NSString * const kProj        = @"lproj";
static NSString * const kLanguageSet = @"kLanguageSet";

@interface HZLanguageManager()

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSBundle *bundle;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *languageString;

@end

@implementation HZLanguageManager

+ (instancetype)defaultManager
{
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    static HZLanguageManager *manager;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        if (!manager) {
            manager = [[HZLanguageManager alloc] init];
        }
    });
    return manager;
}

- (instancetype)init
{
    self = [super init];
    if (!self) {
        return nil;
    }
    //取字段看是哪种语言
    NSString *tempStr = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:kLanguageSet];
    //    NSString *path;

    //假如用户没有设置过语言
    if (!tempStr) {
        tempStr=kSystem;
    }

    self.languageString = tempStr;


    if ([self.languageString isEqualToString:kCH]) {//为中文

        self.languageType = HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple;

    }else if ([self.languageString isEqualToString:kEN]) {//为英文

        self.languageType = HZLanguageTypeEnglish;

    }else if([self.languageString isEqualToString:kSystem]){//为系统默认

        self.languageType= HZLanguageTypeSystem;

        if([self isENLanguage]){//HZLanguageManager
            self.languageType = HZLanguageTypeEnglish;

        }else{
            self.languageType = HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple;

        }


    }

    if ([_languageString isEqualToString:kEN] || [_languageString isEqualToString:kCH]) {
        NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:_languageString ofType:kProj];
        self.bundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:path];
    }

    NSLog(@"当前的语言    HZLanguageTypeSystem HZLanguageTypeEnglish HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple：%lu",(unsigned long)self.languageType);

    return self;
}



- (void)changeLanguageType:(HZLanguageType)type;
{
    if (self.currentLanguageType == type) {
        return;
    }

    _languageType = type;
    switch (type) {
        case HZLanguageTypeSystem:

            self.languageString=kSystem;
            break;
        case HZLanguageTypeEnglish:

            self.languageString = kEN;
            break;
        case HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple:

            self.languageString = kCH;
            break;

    }

    //bundle 设置
    [self resetBundle];

    //设置语言，并作记录保存
    [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:_languageString forKey:kLanguageSet];
    [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] synchronize];

    //使用通知更改文字    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:kNoticeLanguageChange object:nil];
}

- (void)resetBundle{
    if ([_languageString isEqualToString:kEN] || [_languageString isEqualToString:kCH]) {
        NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:_languageString ofType:kProj];
        self.bundle = [NSBundle bundleWithPath:path];
    }
}

- (NSString *)stringWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table
{
    //假如为跟随系统
    if (self.languageType==HZLanguageTypeSystem) {
        return  NSLocalizedString(key, nil);
    }

    //返回对应国际化文字
    if (_bundle) {
        return  NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil);
    }

    return NSLocalizedStringFromTable(key, table, nil);
}

-(HZLanguageType)currentLanguage{
    //获取当前语言
    //  NSString *tempStr = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:kLanguageSet];
    //    if ([tempStr rangeOfString:@"zh"].length) {
    ////        tempStr = kCH;
    //        return HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple;
    //    }else if([tempStr isEqualToString:kEN]){
    ////        tempStr = kEN;
    //        return HZLanguageTypeEnglish;
    //    }else {//if([tempStr isEqualToString:kSystem])
    //    
    //        return HZLanguageTypeSystem;
    //    }
    return    self.languageType;
}


+ (NSArray *)english {
    return @[@"en", @"en-CN"];
}

+ (NSArray *)chineseHans {
    return @[@"zh-Hans", @"zh-Hans-CN"];
}

+ (NSArray *)chineseHant {
    return @[@"zh-Hant", @"zh-Hant-CN"];
}




/**
 (lldb) po [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"AppleLanguages"]
 <__NSCFArray 0x2833357a0>(
 zh-Hans-AM,
 en-AM,
 en-GB,
 ru-AM,
 zh-Hant-AM,
 zh-Hant-HK
 )

第一个就是用户设置的语言

 @return
 */
- (BOOL )isENLanguage {
//    NSString *language = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:GHLLanguageKey];

//    if (){
//    if ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage==HZLanguageTypeEnglish) {

    if (self.currentLanguage == HZLanguageTypeEnglish) {

    return YES;
    }



//    if () {
        NSArray *languages = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"AppleLanguages"];
        NSString *language =  languages.firstObject;

//    }

//    if([[HZLanguageManager chineseHans] containsObject:language] || [[HZLanguageManager chineseHant] containsObject:language] ){
        if([language containsString:@"zh-Hans"] || [language containsString:@"zh-Hant"] ){


        return NO;
        }else{
            return YES;

        }

}



+ (BOOL )isEN{

    if([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage == HZLanguageTypeEnglish ){
        //                make.width.mas_equalTo(kAdjustRatio(73 * 3));
        return YES;

    }else{
        //                make.width.mas_equalTo(kAdjustRatio(50 * 3));
//        make.left.equalTo(weakSelf.contentView).offset(kAdjustRatio(20));
//        make.right.equalTo(weakSelf.contentView).offset(- kAdjustRatio(20));
//
        return NO;

    }

}
@end

2.2 strings文件的文本内容过长导致key 失效的解决方案

​​ /consts/Localizable/en.lproj/Localizable.strings ​​ 文本内容太长了。 会导致key 失效。

  • 解决方案

新增一个table来存储，解析的时候从两个文件查找。

new file:   retail/retail/class/consts/Localizable/en.lproj/Localizable1.strings
  new file:   retail/retail/class/consts/Localizable/zh-Hans.lproj/Localizable1.strings

  • 读取本地字符串的代码：​​如果你的字符串资源文件名不是Localizable.strings，如KN.strings，那么你就得使用NSLocalizedStringFromTable()、NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle来读取本地化字符串： ​​

- (NSString *)stringWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table
{
    //假如为跟随系统
    if (self.languageType==HZLanguageTypeSystem) {
        return  NSLocalizedString(key, nil);
    }

    //返回对应国际化文字
    if (_bundle) {// 修改成为，从另外一个文件找，先从文件找，如果找不到就从文件二找。
        //NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundleWithKey
        return [self NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundleWithKey:key table:table];
        return  NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil);



    }

    return NSLocalizedStringFromTable(key, table, nil);
}



/**

如果你的字符串资源文件名不是Localizable.strings，如KN.strings，那么你就得使用NSLocalizedStringFromTable()来读取本地化字符串：


*/
//{// 修改成为，从另外一个文件找，先从文件找，如果找不到就从文件二找。
- (NSString*)NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundleWithKey:(NSString *)key table:(NSString *)table{
    NSString* tmp = key;
    if(_bundle){

        tmp =NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, table, _bundle, nil);

        if([tmp isEqualToString:key]){
            // 继续从备份表查找

            NSLog(@"开始从Localizable1 找key:%@", tmp);
            tmp =NSLocalizedStringFromTableInBundle(key, @"Localizable1", _bundle, nil);
//            NSLog([NSString stringWithFormat:@"结束从Localizable1 找key:%@",tmp]);
            NSLog(@"结束从Localizable1 找key:%@", tmp);


        }
    }
    return

III info.plist 的国际化

  • 新建一个 .strings文件，叫做InfoPlist.strings（文件名必须是这个）
  • 新建以后，点击右侧的 localized 才有意义。
  • 关键的步骤来了，这时候，点击我们的info.plist，右键选择open as source code 查看我们所要获取权限的原始 key

iOS小技能：APP内的本地化语言切换（案例：登录界面切换中英文）_字符串_08

Info.plist中的CFBundleDisplayName的key决定了应用程序的名称

"NSMicrophoneUsageDescription" = "Allow this app to use your microphone for decibel detection and sound recording; audio is recorded locally only and is not sent to anyone, only for decibel detection and sound variation.";

IV 案例

4.1 《用户协议及隐私政策》弹框（包含超链接属性）【本文包含完整demo源码，demo支持中英文切换】

iOS《用户协议及隐私政策》弹框（包含超链接属性）【本文包含完整demo源码，demo支持中英文切换】 | 蓄力计划


4.2 登录界面切换中英文

  • AppDelegate: 设置默认的语言

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    if([LanguageManager isEN] ){
//        _titleLab.font = kPingFangFont(10);
        [[LanguageManager defaultManager] changeLanguageType: HZLanguageTypeEnglish];

        NSLog(@"当前位英文版本");

    }else{
//        _titleLab.font = kPingFangFont(12);
        NSLog(@"当前位中文版本");
        [[HZLanguageManager defaultManager] changeLanguageType: HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple];


    }

}

​​github.com/zhangkn/Lan…​​

  • 搭建切换按钮：languageLab

处理切换中英文语言的动作事件

UILabel *)languageLab{
    if (!_languageLab) {
        _languageLab = [[UILabel alloc]init];
        _languageLab.textColor = rgb(51,51,51);
        _languageLab.font = kBoldFont(15);


        _languageLab.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentRight;



        // 根据配置进行显示
//        typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, HZLanguageType) {
//            HZLanguageTypeSystem,
//            HZLanguageTypeEnglish,
//            HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple,
//        };

        // 获取配置信息

        //设置选中的语言
        if ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage==HZLanguageTypeSystem) {
//            self.seletedIndex=@0;




        }
       else if ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage==HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple) {
//            self.seletedIndex=@1;
//           _languageLab.text = @"";
           _languageLab.text = @"English";


        }
       else  if ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage==HZLanguageTypeEnglish) {
//            self.seletedIndex=@2;

           _languageLab.text = @"简体中文";

       }else{

//           _languageLab.text = @"简体中文";


       }




        //
//        ti ti阿佳
        //

        _languageLab.userInteractionEnabled = YES;




        [self addSubview:_languageLab];
        __weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;

        [_languageLab mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {

            make.top.equalTo(weakSelf).offset(36);
            make.right.equalTo(weakSelf).offset(-kAdjustRatio(16));

            make.size.mas_equalTo(CGSizeMake(kAdjustRatio(100), kAdjustRatio(40)));



        }];


        UITapGestureRecognizer *cutTap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc] init];
//        __weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;

        [[cutTap rac_gestureSignal] subscribeNext:^(id x) {



            switch ([HZLanguageManager defaultManager].currentLanguage) {
                case HZLanguageTypeSystem:
                    {

                    }
                    break;

                case HZLanguageTypeEnglish:
                {

                    [[HZLanguageManager defaultManager] changeLanguageType: HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple];

                    weakSelf.languageLab.text = @"简体中文";

                }
                    break;

                case HZLanguageTypeChineseSimple:
                {
                    [[HZLanguageManager defaultManager] changeLanguageType: HZLanguageTypeEnglish];

                    weakSelf.languageLab.text = @"English";

                }
                    break;



                default:
                {

                }
                    break;
            }

            [ AccountLoginView rootViewController4nil];


        }];
        [_languageLab addGestureRecognizer:cutTap];


    }
    return _languageLab;
}


+ (void) rootViewController4nil{

    //销毁 root
    UIWindow *oldWindow=[UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow;
    oldWindow.rootViewController=nil;

    //新 root
    UIWindow *newWindow = [UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow;


    AccountLoginViewController *VC = [[AccountLoginViewController alloc]init];

    HWNavigationController *NA = [[HWNavigationController alloc]initWithRootViewController:VC];



    [AccountLoginView restoreRootViewController:NA newWindow:newWindow];

}

/**
 UIModalTransitionStyleCoverVertical = 0, //从下到上盖上进入

 UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal, //水平翻转

 UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve, //渐变出现

 #if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= __IPHONE_3_2

 UIModalTransitionStylePartialCurl, //类似翻页的卷曲



 @param rootViewController <#rootViewController description#>
 @param newWindow <#newWindow description#>
 https://github.com/codeRiding/CRProject/blob/165886b8426fa43b52e76e659b8e18496e2fa8c8/CRProject/Classes/Expand/Tool/CRChangeVC.m
 */
+ (void)restoreRootViewController:(UIViewController *)rootViewController newWindow:(UIWindow*)newWindow
{
    typedef void (^Animation)(void);
    UIWindow* window =  newWindow;
//
    rootViewController.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve;
//UIModalPresentationPopover
    //UIModalPresentationNone
//    rootViewController.modalPresentationStyle = UIModalPresentationOverFullScreen;//UIModalPresentationOverFullScreen

//    UIModalTransitionStyleCoverVertical = 0,
//    UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal __TVOS_PROHIBITED,
//    UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve,
//    UIModalTransitionStylePartialCurl
//    rootViewController.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleCrossDissolve;
    Animation animation = ^{
        BOOL oldState = [UIView areAnimationsEnabled];
        [UIView setAnimationsEnabled:NO];
//        [UIApplication sharedApplication].keyWindow.rootViewController = rootViewController;
                        [newWindow switchWithRootViewController:rootViewController];

        [UIView setAnimationsEnabled:oldState];
    };
    //
    [UIView transitionWithView:window
                      duration:0.5f
                       options:UIViewAnimationOptionTransitionCrossDissolve
                    animations:animation
                    completion:nil];

}

4.3 本地化字符串指定参数顺序

对于在中英文语法的区别，在本地化字符串的时候，我们常常需要调整stringWithFormat的参数顺序

原理：在%和@中间加上数值,2$)，数字代表参数的顺序

see also

  • iOS精品资源汇总：(持续更新)


  • ​​合并develop到master，并打版本tag​​


更多内容请关注​​#小程序：iOS逆向​​,只为你呈现有价值的信息，专注于移动端技术研究领域。

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