如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala-CFANZ编程社区

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1.文档编写目的

继上一章讲述如何在CDH集群安装Anaconda&搭建Python私有源后，本章节主要讲述如何使用Pyton Impyla客户端连接CDH集群的HiveServer2和Impala Daemon，并进行SQL操作。

内容概述

1.依赖包安装

2.代码编写

3.代码测试

测试环境

1.CM和CDH版本为5.11.2

2.RedHat7.2

前置条件

1.CDH集群环境正常运行

2.Anaconda已安装并配置环境变量

3.pip工具能够正常安装Python包

4.Python版本2.6+ or 3.3+

5.非安全集群环境

2.Impyla依赖包安装

Impyla所依赖的Python包

six
bit_array
thrift (on Python 2.x) orthriftpy (on Python 3.x)
thrift_sasl
sasl

1.首先安装Impyla依赖的Python包

[root@ip-172-31-22-86 ~]# pip install bit_array[root@ip-172-31-22-86 ~]# pip install thrift==0.9.3[root@ip-172-31-22-86 ~]# pip install six

[root@ip-172-31-22-86 ~]# pip install thrift_sasl

[root@ip-172-31-22-86 ~]# pip install sasl

如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala_python

如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala_cloudera_02

如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala_cloudera_03

如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala_cloudera_04

注意：thrift的版本必须使用0.9.3，默认安装的为0.10.0版本，需要卸载后重新安装0.9.3版本，卸载命令pip uninstall thrift

2.安装Impyla包

impyla版本，默认安装的是0.14.0，需要将卸载后安装0.13.8版本

[root@ip-172-31-22-86 ec2-user]# pip install impyla==0.13.8Collecting impyla
Downloading impyla-0.14.0.tar.gz (151kB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 153kB 1.0MB/s Requirement already satisfied: six in /opt/cloudera/parcels/Anaconda-4.2.0/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from impyla)
Requirement already satisfied: bitarray in /opt/cloudera/parcels/Anaconda-4.2.0/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from impyla)
Requirement already satisfied: thrift in /opt/cloudera/parcels/Anaconda-4.2.0/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from impyla)
Building wheels for collected packages: impyla
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for impyla ... done
Stored in directory: /root/.cache/pip/wheels/96/fa/d8/40e676f3cead7ec45f20ac43eb373edc471348ac5cb485d6f5Successfully built impylaInstalling collected packages: impylaSuccessfully installed impyla-0.14.0

如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala_cloudera_05

3.编写Python代码

Python连接Hive（HiveTest.py）

from impala.dbapi importconnect
conn = connect(host='ip-172-31-21-45.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal',port=10000,database='default',auth_mechan
ism='PLAIN')print(conn)cursor = conn.cursor()cursor.execute('show databases')print cursor.description # prints the result set's schemaresults = cursor.fetchall()print(results)cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM test limit 10')print cursor.description # prints the result set's schemaresults = cursor.fetchall()print(results)

Python连接Impala（ImpalaTest.py）

from impala.dbapi importconnect
conn = connect(host='ip-172-31-26-80.ap-southeast-1.compute.internal',port=21050)print(conn)cursor = conn.cursor()cursor.execute('show databases')print cursor.description # prints the result set's schemaresults = cursor.fetchall()print(results)
cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM test limit 10')print cursor.description # prints the result set's schemaresults = cursor.fetchall()print(results)

4.测试代码

在shell命令行执行Python代码测试

1.测试连接Hive

[root@ip-172-31-22-86ec2-user]# python HiveTest.py <impala.hiveserver2.HiveServer2Connectionobject at 0x7f66eee00250>[('database_name', 'STRING', None, None, None, None, None)]
[('default',)]
[('test.s1', 'STRING',None, None, None, None, None), ('test.s2', 'STRING', None, None, None, None, None)]
[('name1', 'age1'), ('name2', 'age2'), ('name3', 'age3'), ('name4', 'age4'), ('name5', 'age5'), ('name6', 'age6'), ('name7', 'age7'), ('name8', 'age8'), ('name9', 'age9'), ('name10', 'age10')][root@ip-172-31-22-86 ec2-user]#

如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala_python_06

2.测试连接Impala

[root@ip-172-31-22-86ec2-user]# python ImpalaTest.py <impala.hiveserver2.HiveServer2Connectionobject at 0x7f7e1f2cfad0>[('name', 'STRING', None, None, None, None, None), ('comment', 'STRING', None, None, None, None, None)]
[('_impala_builtins', 'Systemdatabase for Impala builtin functions'), ('default', 'Default Hive database')]
[('s1', 'STRING', None, None, None,None, None), ('s2', 'STRING', None, None, None,None, None)]
[('name1', 'age1'), ('name2', 'age2'), ('name3', 'age3'), ('name4', 'age4'), ('name5', 'age5'), ('name6', 'age6'), ('name7', 'age7'), ('name8', 'age8'), ('name9', 'age9'), ('name10', 'age10')][root@ip-172-31-22-86 ec2-user]#

如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala_python_07

5.常见问题

1.错误一

building 'sasl.saslwrapper' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/sasl
    gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -Isasl -I/opt/cloudera/parcels/Anaconda/include/python2.7 -c sasl/saslwrapper.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/sasl/saslwrapper.o
    unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
    error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
    
    ----------------------------------------
Command "/opt/cloudera/parcels/Anaconda/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-kD6tvP/sasl/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-WJFNeG-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-kD6tvP/sasl/

解决方法：

[root@ip-172-31-22-86 ec2-user]# yum -y install gcc [root@ip-172-31-22-86 ec2-user]# yum install gcc-c++

2.错误二

gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -Isasl -I/opt/cloudera/parcels/Anaconda/include/python2.7 -c sasl/saslwrapper.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.7/sasl/saslwrapper.occ1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ [enabled by default]In file included from sasl/saslwrapper.cpp:254:0:sasl/saslwrapper.h:22:23: fatal error: sasl/sasl.h: No such file or directory#include <sasl/sasl.h>
                   ^
compilation terminated.error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

解决方法：

[root@ip-172-31-22-86 ec2-user]# yum -y install python-devel.x86_64 cyrus-sasl-devel.x86_64

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如何使用Python Impyla客户端连接Hive和Impala_python_08