windows下python 3.9 Numpy scipy和matlabplot的安装

学习python过程中想使用python的matlabplot绘图功能，遇到了一大批问题，然后一路过关斩将，最终安装成功，实为不易，发帖留念。

1 首先打开cmd

win+r

2 pip安装

pip3 install --user numpy scipy matplotlib

–user 选项可以设置只安装在当前的用户下，而不是写入到系统目录。默认情况使用国外线路，国外太慢，我们使用清华的镜像就可以:

pip3 install numpy scipy matplotlib -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

如何网络不好，我们可以挨个单独安装

pip3 install numpy s -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

pip3 install scipy -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

pip3 install matplotlib -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

3 安装matlabplot时遇到错误：

Using legacy 'setup.py install' for matplotlib, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: matplotlib
    Running setup.py install for matplotlib ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'c:\users\diouf.guo\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\Diouf.Guo\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-thjn2jbc\\matplotlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\Diouf.Guo\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-thjn2jbc\\matplotlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\Diouf.Guo\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-kay5nve4\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers 'c:\users\diouf.guo\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\Include\matplotlib'

查看自己的python版本：

Python 3.9.0 (tags/v3.9.0:9cf6752, Oct  5 2020, 15:34:40) [MSC v.1927 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

我的python是3.9 AMD64

在https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/网站找到worldcould

选着自己相应的.whl下载。我的选：

wordcloud-1.8.0-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl

然后回到cmd

4 安装

pip install wordcloud-1.8.0-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl

5 再次出现错误

Using legacy 'setup.py install' for matplotlib, since package 'wheel' is not installed.

直接安装wheel

pip install wheel

6 再次安装matlabplot

pip3 install matplotlib -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

不成功

7 在https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/找到matlabplot

下载后安装，

pip3 install matplotlib-3.3.2-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl

显示安装成功，赶紧找个程序来试一下：

import numpy as np 
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt 

x = np.arange(1,11) 
y =  2  * x +  5 
plt.title("Matplotlib demo") 
plt.xlabel("x axis caption") 
plt.ylabel("y axis caption") 
plt.plot(x,y) 
plt.show()

安装成功，一波五折