数据结构 C 代码 4 静态链表

静态链表的定义

• 静态链表是线性连续结构，储存的数据是固定的，增删时不需要挪动其它的数据。

老师代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>

#define DEFAULT_SIZE 5

typedef struct StaticLinkedNode{
	char data;

	int next;
} *NodePtr;

typedef struct StaticLinkedList{
	NodePtr nodes;
	int* used;
} *ListPtr;

/**
 * Initialize the list with a header.
 * @return The pointer to the header.
 */
ListPtr initLinkedList(){
	// The pointer to the whole list space.
	ListPtr tempPtr = (ListPtr)malloc(sizeof(StaticLinkedList));

	// Allocate total space.
	tempPtr->nodes = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedNode) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	tempPtr->used = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * DEFAULT_SIZE);

	// The first node is the header.
	tempPtr->nodes[0].data = '\0';
	tempPtr->nodes[0].next = -1;

	// Only the first node is used.
	tempPtr->used[0] = 1;
	for (int i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i ++){
		tempPtr->used[i] = 0;
	}// Of for i

	return tempPtr;
}// Of initLinkedList

/**
 * Print the list.
 * @param paraListPtr The pointer to the list.
 */
void printList(ListPtr paraListPtr){
	int p = 0;
	while (p != -1) {
		printf("%c", paraListPtr->nodes[p].data);
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}// Of while
	printf("\r\n");
}// Of printList

/**
 * Insert an element to the given position.
 * @param paraListPtr The position of the list.
 * @param paraChar The given char.
 * @param paraPosition The given position.
 */
void insertElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar, int paraPosition){
	int p, q, i;

	// Step 1. Search to the position.
	p = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < paraPosition; i ++) {
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
		if (p == -1) {
			printf("The position %d is beyond the scope of the list.\r\n", paraPosition);
			return;
		}// Of if
	} // Of for i

	// Step 2. Construct a new node.
	for (i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i ++){
		if (paraListPtr->used[i] == 0){
			// This is identical to malloc.
			printf("Space at %d allocated.\r\n", i);
			paraListPtr->used[i] = 1;
			q = i;
			break;
		}// Of if
	}// Of for i
	if (i == DEFAULT_SIZE){
		printf("No space.\r\n");
		return;
	}// Of if

	paraListPtr->nodes[q].data = paraChar;

	// Step 3. Now link.
	printf("linking\r\n");
	paraListPtr->nodes[q].next = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = q;
}// Of insertElement

/**
 * Delete an element from the list.
 * @param paraHeader The header of the list.
 * @param paraChar The given char.
 */
void deleteElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar){
	int p, q;
	p = 0;
	while ((paraListPtr->nodes[p].next != -1) && (paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].data != paraChar)){
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}// Of while

	if (paraListPtr->nodes[p].next == -1) {
		printf("Cannot delete %c\r\n", paraChar);
		return;
	}// Of if

	q = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].next;
	
	// This statement is identical to free(q)
	paraListPtr->used[q] = 0;
}// Of deleteElement

/**
 * Unit test.
 */
void appendInsertDeleteTest(){
	// Step 1. Initialize an empty list.
	ListPtr tempList = initLinkedList();
	printList(tempList);

	// Step 2. Add some characters.
	insertElement(tempList, 'H', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'e', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 3);
	insertElement(tempList, 'o', 4);
	printList(tempList);

	// Step 3. Delete some characters (the first occurrence).
	printf("Deleting 'e'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'e');
	printf("Deleting 'a'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'a');
	printf("Deleting 'o'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'o');
	printList(tempList);

	insertElement(tempList, 'x', 1);
	printList(tempList);
}// Of appendInsertDeleteTest

/**
 * The entrance.
 */
void main(){
	appendInsertDeleteTest();
}// Of main

我的代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
 
#define DEFAULT_SIZE 5
 
//静态链表定义
typedef struct StaticLinkedNode{
	char data;
	int next;
} *NodePtr;
 
typedef struct StaticLinkedList{
	NodePtr nodes;
	int* used;
} *ListPtr;
 
/**
 * Initialize the list with a header.
 * @return The pointer to the header.
 */

//链表初始化
ListPtr initLinkedList(){
	//the poiter to the whole list space.
	ListPtr tempPtr = (ListPtr)malloc(sizeof(StaticLinkedList));
	
	//Allocate total sapce.
	tempPtr->nodes = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedNode) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	tempPtr->used = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	
	//The first node is the header.
	tempPtr->nodes[0].data = '\0';
	tempPtr->nodes[0].next = -1;
	
	//Only the first node is used.
	tempPtr->used[0] = 1;
	for (int i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i++){
		tempPtr->used[i] = 0;
	}//Of for i
	
	return tempPtr;
}
 
/**
 * Print the list.
 * @param paraListPtr The pointer to the list.
 */
 
void printList(ListPtr paraListPtr){
	int p = paraListPtr->nodes[0].next;
	if(p == -1){
		printf("the list is empty\n");
		return;
	}
	while(p != -1){
		printf("%c", paraListPtr->nodes[p].data);
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}//Of while
	printf("\r\n");
}//Of printList
 

//插入元素
void insertElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar, int paraPosition){
	int p, q, i;
	
	//Step 1.Search to the position.
	p = 0;
	for(i = 0; i < paraPosition; i++){
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
		if(p == -1){
			printf("The position %d is beyond the scope of the list.\n", paraPosition);
			return;
		}//Of if
	}//Of for
	
	//Step 2.Construct a new node.
	for(i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i++){
		if(paraListPtr->used[i] == 0){
			//This is identical to malloc.
			printf("Space at %d allocated.", i);
			paraListPtr->used[i] = 1;
			q = i;
			break;
		}//of if
	}//of for
	
	if(i == DEFAULT_SIZE){
		printf("No space.\n");
		return;
	}//Of if
	
	paraListPtr->nodes[q].data = paraChar;
	//Step 3.Now link.
	paraListPtr->nodes[q].next = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = q;
	 
	printf("linking\r\n");
	
}
 
//插入测试代码
void insertElementTest(){
	printf("--- The insertElementTest Begin ---\n");
	ListPtr tempList = initLinkedList();
	printList(tempList);
	
	insertElement(tempList, 'A', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'B', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'C', 2);
	printList(tempList);
	
	insertElement(tempList, '0', 6);
	insertElement(tempList, 'D', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, '5', 0);
	
	printList(tempList);
	printf("--- The insertElementTest End ---\n");
}
/**
 * Delete an element from the list.
 * @param paraHeader The header of the list.
 * @param paraChar The given char.
 */

//删除元素
void deleteElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar){
	int p, q;
	p = 0;
	while((paraListPtr->nodes[p].next != -1) && (paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].data != paraChar)){
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}//Of while
	
	if(paraListPtr->nodes[p].next == -1) {
		printf("Cannot delete the %c\r\n", paraChar);
		return;
	}//Of of
	
	q = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;//targeted key 
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = paraListPtr->nodes[q].next;
	
	//this statiement is identical to free(q)
	paraListPtr->used[q] = 0;
	
}
 
//删除元素测试
void deleteTest(){
	printf("--- The deleteTest Begin ---\n");
	
	//Step 1.Initialize an empty list.
	ListPtr tempList = initLinkedList();
	printList(tempList);
	
	//Step 2.Add some characters.
	insertElement(tempList, 'A', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'B', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'C', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'D', 3);
	printList(tempList);
	
	//Step 3.Delete some characters(the first occurence).
	printf("Deleting 'A'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'A');
	printList(tempList);
	printf("Deleting 'C'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'C');
	printList(tempList);
	printf("Deleting 'D'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'D');
	printList(tempList);
	printf("header.next = %d\n", tempList->nodes[0].next);
	
	insertElement(tempList, 'X', 1);
	printList(tempList);
	printf("--- The deleteTest End ---\n");
}
 
//查找元素
 int locateElement(ListPtr paraList, char paraData){
    int p;
    p = 0;
    while(paraList->nodes[p].data != paraData && p != -1){
        p = paraList->nodes[p].next;
    }
    if(p == -1){
        printf("Don't have the data.\n");
    }
    return p;
}
 
//查找元素测试
void locateElementTest(){
	printf("--- The locateElementTest Begin ---\n");
	
    int temp;
 
	ListPtr tempList = initLinkedList();
	printList(tempList);
 
	insertElement(tempList, 'A', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'B', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'C', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'D', 3);
	printList(tempList);
    
    temp = locateElement(tempList, 'A');
    printf("%c\n", tempList->nodes[temp].data);
    
    temp = locateElement(tempList, 'B');
    printf("%c\n", tempList->nodes[temp].data);
    printf("%c\n", tempList->nodes[tempList->nodes[temp].next].data);
    
    printf("--- The locateElementTest End ---\n");
}
 
 
int main(){
	locateElementTest();
	insertElementTest();
	deleteTest();
	return 0;
}