一、模块化
Nodejs(require、module.exports)
ES6 (import、export)
二、webpack
是一个打包工具。
1.在项目中安装webpack
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npm init -y
初始化工程化。这个命令完成之后,会在项目中创建一个package.json文件(包管理文件)
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下载webpack
npm install webpack webpack-cli --dev (development -- 开发阶段使用的包) npm i webpack webpack-cli -D
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package.json 文件中scripts
"scripts": { "build": "webpack" }
2.完成更加复杂的打包工作(css文件)
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在项目中添加 webpack.config.js 文件
module.exports = { entry: "./src/index.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"), filename: "bundle.js" } }
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对css文件处理
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配置webpack.config.js
module.exports = { entry: "./src/index.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"), filename: "bundle.js" } }
3. 完成更加复杂的打包工作(scss/less文件)
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安装less、less-loader
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配置webpack.config.js
module.exports = { entry: "./src/index.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"), filename: "bundle.js" }, module: { rules: [ { test: /\.css$/, use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"] }, { test: /\.less$/, use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"] } ] } }
4.完成对图片的打包
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安装ulr- loader和file-loader
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配置webpack.config.js
module.exports = { entry: "./src/index.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"), filename: "bundle.js" }, module: { rules: [ { test: /\.css$/, use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"] }, { test: /\.less$/, use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"] }, { test: /\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|webp|svg|woff)$/, use: "url-loader" // url-loader 会自动调用file-loader } ] } }
5.将index.html文件拷贝到dist中
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插件 (html-webpack-plugin)
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配置webpack.config.js
const htmlWebapckPlugin = require("html-webpack-plugin") module.exports = { entry: "./src/index.js", output: { path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"), filename: "bundle.js" }, module: { rules: [ { test: /\.css$/, use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"] }, { test: /\.less$/, use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"] }, { test: /\.(jpg|png|gif|jpeg|webp|svg|woff)$/, use: "url-loader" // url-loader 会自动调用file-loader } ] }, plugins: [ new htmlWebpackPlugin({ template: './index.html' }) ] }
6. 服务器工具 (将bundle.js 和index.html打包到了内存中)
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安装
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配置package.json
"scripts": { "dev": "webpack-dev-server", "serve": "webpack-dev-server" }