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windows用gcc编译stm32程序命令行控制stlink下载到板子

骨灰级搬砖工 2022-07-27 阅读 185
stm32单片机armwin上gcc编译stm32makefile stm32虚拟化云计算


我们的目的：win10的命令行窗口，执行makefile，编译得到 xx.elf或者说 xx.bin目标文件，再通过命令行驱动stlink（已连接板子，且装好驱动）把xx.bin文件下载到板子上跑起来，板子上蜂鸣器和LED闪烁发声。这个是完全脱离keil等IDE的，就跟linux一样。

环境

板子：正点原子的战舰stm32f103zet6

stm32程序库：hal库

编译器：gcc-arm-none-eabi-5_4-2016q3-20160926-win32

步骤

  • 安装好 gcc-arm-none-eabi 交叉编译器，且 bin文件夹的路径添加到环境变量
  • 需要一个makefile，这个好弄，下载安装STM32CubeMX
  • STM32CubeMX中创建一个裸工程，点击代码生成
  • 得到了一个工程，如下图。得到了makefile文件，启动文件，链接脚本。这些文件是不能用keil工程中的，因为keil是armcc编译器，跟gcc不一样。

    • windows用gcc编译stm32程序命令行控制stlink下载到板子_stm32

  • 在Src文件夹内，把main.c内容替换成我这个博客附录中的内容（添加了蜂鸣器和LED驱动代码），其它的都不用动了
  • 在这里打开一个命令行cmd窗口，输入 命令
    mingw32-make.exe
    即可编译，会得到 build文件夹，里面会有 xx.bin文件，这个就是我们要下载到板子上的目标文件了。

    • windows用gcc编译stm32程序命令行控制stlink下载到板子_stm32_02


    • windows用gcc编译stm32程序命令行控制stlink下载到板子_arm_03


  • 下载操控硬件调试器stlink的开源库stlink（可以进行程序下载和调试，还挺不错的），编译好的exe。如下图所示。可以参考我这篇文章如何下载 以及相关介绍​​驱动单片机硬件调试器的一些开源库总结（包含stlink调试器）_标biao的博客-CSDN博客​​

    • windows用gcc编译stm32程序命令行控制stlink下载到板子_makefile stm32_04


  • 将这个bin文件夹也加入系统环境变量
  • 在刚刚工程的build文件夹内打开一个命令行窗口，输入命令
    st-flash.exe erase
    先擦除一下单片机
  • 再输入下载程序命令
    st-flash.exe write .\stm32f1_test_cube_gcc.bin 0x8000000
    如下图所示，可以看到代码已经下载到板子了，而且蜂鸣器和LED同步闪烁响起来了（如果没有的话，请按一下复位键即可）。

    • windows用gcc编译stm32程序命令行控制stlink下载到板子_stm32_05

如果想要整个工程的，也可以来这儿下载：


附录

我的makefile文件内容，注意将编译器路径 GCC_bin_path 变量那儿指定一下。

##########################################################################################################################
# File automatically-generated by tool: [projectgenerator] version: [3.17.1] date: [Fri Jul 22 20:33:33 CST 2022]
##########################################################################################################################

# ------------------------------------------------
# Generic Makefile (based on gcc)
#
# ChangeLog :
# 2017-02-10 - Several enhancements + project update mode
#   2015-07-22 - first version
# ------------------------------------------------

######################################
# target
######################################
TARGET = stm32f1_test_cube_gcc


######################################
# building variables
######################################
# debug build?
DEBUG = 1
# optimization
OPT = -Og


#######################################
# paths
#######################################
# Build path
BUILD_DIR = build

######################################
# source
######################################
# C sources
C_SOURCES =  \
Src/main.c \
Src/stm32f1xx_it.c \
Src/stm32f1xx_hal_msp.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_tim.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_tim_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_rcc_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_dma.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_cortex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_pwr.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_flash_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f1xx_hal_exti.c \
Src/system_stm32f1xx.c  

# ASM sources
ASM_SOURCES =  \
startup_stm32f103xe.s


#######################################
# binaries
#######################################

GCC_bin_path = C:/Users/86132/Downloads/gcc-arm-none-eabi-5_4-2016q3-20160926-win32/bin

PREFIX = arm-none-eabi-
# The gcc compiler bin path can be either defined in make command via GCC_PATH variable (> make GCC_PATH=xxx)
# either it can be added to the PATH environment variable.
ifdef GCC_PATH
CC = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)objcopy
SZ = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)size
else
CC = $(GCC_bin_path)/$(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(GCC_bin_path)/$(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(GCC_bin_path)/$(PREFIX)objcopy
SZ = $(GCC_bin_path)/$(PREFIX)size
endif
HEX = $(CP) -O ihex
BIN = $(CP) -O binary -S
 
#######################################
# CFLAGS
#######################################
# cpu
CPU = -mcpu=cortex-m3

# fpu
# NONE for Cortex-M0/M0+/M3

# float-abi


# mcu
MCU = $(CPU) -mthumb $(FPU) $(FLOAT-ABI)

# macros for gcc
# AS defines
AS_DEFS = 

# C defines
C_DEFS =  \
-DUSE_HAL_DRIVER \
-DSTM32F103xE


# AS includes
AS_INCLUDES = 

# C includes
C_INCLUDES =  \
-IInc \
-IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc \
-IDrivers/STM32F1xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F1xx/Include \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include


# compile gcc flags
ASFLAGS = $(MCU) $(AS_DEFS) $(AS_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections

CFLAGS += $(MCU) $(C_DEFS) $(C_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections

ifeq ($(DEBUG), 1)
CFLAGS += -g -gdwarf-2
endif


# Generate dependency information
CFLAGS += -MMD -MP -MF"$(@:%.o=%.d)"


#######################################
# LDFLAGS
#######################################
# link script
LDSCRIPT = STM32F103ZETx_FLASH.ld

# libraries
LIBS = -lc -lm -lnosys 
LIBDIR = 
LDFLAGS = $(MCU) -specs=nano.specs -T$(LDSCRIPT) $(LIBDIR) $(LIBS) -Wl,-Map=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections

# default action: build all
all: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).hex $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).bin


#######################################
# build the application
#######################################
# list of objects
OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(C_SOURCES:.c=.o)))
vpath %.c $(sort $(dir $(C_SOURCES)))
# list of ASM program objects
OBJECTS += $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(ASM_SOURCES:.s=.o)))
vpath %.s $(sort $(dir $(ASM_SOURCES)))

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.c Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR) 
  $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(notdir $(<:.c=.lst)) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.s Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)
  $(AS) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf: $(OBJECTS) Makefile
  $(CC) $(OBJECTS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
  $(SZ) $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.hex: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)
  $(HEX) $< $@
  
$(BUILD_DIR)/%.bin: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)
  $(BIN) $< $@ 
  
$(BUILD_DIR):
  mkdir $@    

#######################################
# clean up
#######################################
clean:
  -rm -fR $(BUILD_DIR)
  
#######################################
# dependencies
#######################################
-include $(wildcard $(BUILD_DIR)/*.d)

# *** EOF ***

我的main.c内容

#include "main.h"
#include <stm32f1xx_hal_gpio.h>
#include <stm32f1xx_hal_rcc.h>
#include <stm32f103xe.h>

//初始化PB1为输出.并使能时钟     
//LED IO初始化
void LED_Init(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_Initure;

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();            //开启GPIOB时钟
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOE_CLK_ENABLE();            //开启GPIOE时钟
  
    GPIO_Initure.Pin=GPIO_PIN_5;        //PB5
    GPIO_Initure.Mode=GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;    //推挽输出
    GPIO_Initure.Pull=GPIO_PULLUP;            //上拉
    GPIO_Initure.Speed=GPIO_SPEED_HIGH;        //高速
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_Initure);

  GPIO_Initure.Pin=GPIO_PIN_5;        //PE5
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOE,&GPIO_Initure);
  
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_5,GPIO_PIN_SET);  //PB5置1，默认初始化后灯灭
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOE,GPIO_PIN_5,GPIO_PIN_SET);  //PE5置1，默认初始化后灯灭
}

//初始化PF8为输出.并使能时钟     
//LED IO初始化
void BEEP_Init(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_Initure;
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();           //开启GPIOB时钟
  
    GPIO_Initure.Pin=GPIO_PIN_8;      //PB8
    GPIO_Initure.Mode=GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;  //推挽输出
    GPIO_Initure.Pull=GPIO_PULLUP;          //上拉
    GPIO_Initure.Speed=GPIO_SPEED_HIGH;     //高速
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_Initure);
  
    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_8,GPIO_PIN_RESET);  //蜂鸣器对应引脚GPIOB8拉低，
}

int main(void)
{
  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  LED_Init();              //初始化LED  
  BEEP_Init();            //初始化蜂鸣器

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_5,GPIO_PIN_RESET);  //DS0拉低，亮   等同LED0=0;
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_8,GPIO_PIN_SET);    //BEEP引脚拉低， 等同BEEP=0;
        HAL_Delay(100);                      //延时300ms
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_5,GPIO_PIN_SET);    //DS0拉高，灭   等同LED0=1;
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_8,GPIO_PIN_RESET);  //BEEP引脚拉高， 等同BEEP=1;
        HAL_Delay(100);        
    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

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