nginx-keepalived（漂移IP）-CFANZ编程社区

一、Keepalived 简介

Keepalived 是一个基于 VRRP 协议的高可用性解决方案，主要用于实现服务故障转移和负载均衡。它能够检测服务器状态并在主服务器故障时自动将虚拟IP转移到备份服务器，确保服务持续可用。

二、安装 Keepalived

1. 在 OpenEuler/RHEL 系统安装

# 使用 yum 安装 keepalived
yum install -y keepalived

# 启用并启动服务
systemctl enable keepalived
systemctl start keepalived

# 检查安装状态
systemctl status keepalived

2. 在 Ubuntu/Debian 系统安装

# 使用 apt 安装 keepalived
apt-get update
apt-get install -y keepalived

# 启用并启动服务
systemctl enable keepalived
systemctl start keepalived

三、Keepalived 配置详解

1. 主服务器配置 (Master)

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
    router_id LVS_DEVEL  # 路由器标识，集群内唯一
    notification_email {
        admin@example.com  # 通知邮箱（可选）
    }
    notification_email_from keepalived@example.com
    smtp_server 127.0.0.1  # SMTP服务器地址
    smtp_connect_timeout 30  # SMTP连接超时时间
}

# VRRP实例配置
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER  # 初始状态为MASTER
    interface ens32  # 网卡名称，根据实际修改（ifconfig查看）
    virtual_router_id 51  # 虚拟路由ID，主备必须相同
    priority 100  # 优先级(0-255)，MASTER应高于BACKUP
    
    advert_int 1  # 通告间隔(秒)
    
    # 认证配置
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS  # 认证类型
        auth_pass 1111  # 认证密码，主备必须一致
    }
    
    # 虚拟IP地址配置
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.3.100/24  # 虚拟IP地址，客户端访问的IP
    }
 }

2. 备份服务器配置 (Backup)

vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
    router_id LVS_DEVEL_BACKUP  # 路由器标识，与主服务器不同
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP  # 初始状态为BACKUP
    interface ens32  # 网卡名称，与主服务器一致
    virtual_router_id 51  # 必须与主服务器相同
    priority 90  # 优先级低于MASTER
    
    advert_int 1  # 通告间隔与主服务器一致
    
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111  # 密码与主服务器一致
    }
    
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.3.100/24  # 相同的虚拟IP
    }
 }