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[leetcode每日一题]11.8

1684. 统计一致字符串的数目

给你一个由不同字符组成的字符串 ​​allowed​​ 和一个字符串数组 ​​words​​ 。如果一个字符串的每一个字符都在 ​​allowed​​ 中,就称这个字符串是 一致字符串 

请你返回 ​​words​​ 数组中 一致字符串 的数目。

示例 1:

输入:allowed = "ab", words = ["ad","bd","aaab","baa","badab"]
输出:2
解释:字符串 "aaab" 和 "baa" 都是一致字符串,因为它们只包含字符 'a' 和 'b' 。

示例 2:

输入:allowed = "abc", words = ["a","b","c","ab","ac","bc","abc"]
输出:7
解释:所有字符串都是一致的。

示例 3:

输入:allowed = "cad", words = ["cc","acd","b","ba","bac","bad","ac","d"]
输出:4
解释:字符串 "cc","acd","ac" 和 "d" 是一致字符串。

提示:

  • ​1 <= words.length <= 104
  • ​1 <= allowed.length <= 26​
  • ​1 <= words[i].length <= 10​
  • ​allowed​​ 中的字符 互不相同 。
  • ​words[i]​​ 和 ​​allowed​​ 只包含小写英文字母。

Solution

简单思考,即对每一个字符串进行审查即可。在实现时可以使用逆向思维的方法,先认为字符串都是合法的,之后在审查时如果发现不合法则将合法数量-1,并立即跳出循环。

class Solution:
def countConsistentStrings(self, allowed: str, words: List[str]) -> int:
cnt = len(words)
for word in words:
for letter in word:
if letter not in allowed:
cnt -= 1
break
return cnt

但是题解又一次震惊了我。题解用一个int的每一位代表一个字母,然后使用位运算来判断是否合法。感觉非常巧妙。现恭录如下:

class Solution:
def countConsistentStrings(self, allowed: str, words: List[str]) -> int:
mask = 0
for c in allowed:
mask |= 1 << (ord(c) - ord('a'))
res = 0
for word in words:
mask1 = 0
for c in word:
mask1 |= 1 << (ord(c) - ord('a'))
res += (mask1 | mask) == mask
return res

作者:力扣官方题解
链接:https://leetcode.cn/problems/count-the-number-of-consistent-strings/solutions/1953831/tong-ji-yi-zhi-zi-fu-chuan-de-shu-mu-by-38356/
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权,非商业转载请注明出处。

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