(长难句分析)
英语
每日一句
While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it remains centered on shopping bags and straws, we're ignoring the balance of power that implies that as 'consumers' we must shop sustainably, rather than as 'citizens' hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change.(2019, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4)
词汇
conversation: n. 交谈，谈话
environment: n. 环境
environmental: adj. 环境的
responsibility: n. 责任，职责
responsible: adj. 负责的，有责任的
ignore: v. 忽视，置之不理
imply: v. 意味；暗示
sustainably: adv. 可持续地
sustainable: adj. 可持续的
sustain: v. 维持，持续；支撑，承担
hold sb. to account: 追究某人的责任
push for sth.: 努力争取某事物
systemic: adj. 系统的，体系的
第一步：找谓语
While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it ==remains== centered on shopping bags and straws, we =='re ignoring== the balance of power that ==implies== that as 'consumers' we ==must shop== sustainably, rather than as 'citizens' ==hold== our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change.
第二步：断句
原句中存在5处谓语，包含5件事，其谓语分别位于以下位置：
- remains 为让步状语从句谓语
- are ignoring 为主句谓语
- implies 为定语从句谓语
- must shop 与 hold 为宾语从句谓语
按照标点、引导词以及谓语，可以将原句断开为以下分句：
- While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it ==remains== centered on shopping bags and straws, —— 让步状语从句
- we =='re ignoring== the balance of power —— 主句
- that ==implies== —— 定语从句
- that as 'consumers' we ==must shop== sustainably, rather than as 'citizens' ==hold== our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change. —— 宾语从句
第三步：简化
让步状语从句
While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it remains centered on shopping bags and straws,
- 从句引导词：while 引导让步状语从句，修饰主句，与主句进行对比
- 从句主语部分：the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it
- 定冠词：the 修饰名词：conversation
- 名词：conversation 为从句主语核心词
- 介词短语：around our environment and our responsibility toward it 为后置定语，修饰名词：conversation 说明其具体范围
- 从句谓语部分：remains 为系动词，后接表语
- 从句表语部分：centered on shopping bags and straws,
- 形容词：centered 为从句表语核心词
- 介词短语：on shopping bags and straws, 为对象状语，修饰形容词：centered ，说明其具体对象
去掉主句扩展部分，就得到了主句核心：
- While …… conversation …… remains centered …… —— 然而 …… 对话 …… 仍然居中 ……
主句
we're ignoring the balance of power
- 主句主语部分：we
- 从句谓语部分：'re ignoring 为及物动词现在进行时态，后接宾语
- 从句宾语部分：the balance of power
- 定冠词：the 修饰名词：balance
- 名词：balance 为主句宾语核心词
- 介词短语：of power 为后置定语，修饰名词：balance
去掉主句扩展部分，就得到了主句核心：
- we're ignoring …… balance …… —— 我们正在忽略 …… 均衡 ……
定语从句
that implies
- 从句引导词：that 引导定语从句，修饰名词：balance
- 从句谓语部分：implies 为及物动词，后接宾语
去掉从句扩展部分，就得到了从句核心：
- that implies —— 均衡简化了 ……
宾语从句
that as 'consumers' we must shop sustainably, rather than as 'citizens' hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change.
- 从句引导词：that 引导宾语从句，作为动词：implies 的宾语
- 从句主语部分：as 'consumers' we …… as 'citizens'
- 介词短语：as consumers …… as citizens 为身份状语，修饰动词：shop 和 hold 说明其具体的身份
- 从句谓语部分：must shop sustainably, rather than …… hold
- 动词：must shop 为情态动词 + 动词原型
- 副词：sustainably 修饰动词：shop
- 并列连词：rather than 连接动词 shop 与 hold
- 动词：hold 为并列动词，省略了情态动词：must
- 从句宾语部分：our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change.
- 限定词：our 修饰名词：governments 和 industries
- 名词：governments 与 industries 通过并列连词：and 连接，构成并列结构，作为动词：hold 的宾语
- 动词不定式：to account 为宾语补足语，补充说明宾语：governments and industries
- 动词不定式：to push 为目的状语，修饰动词不定式：to account 说明其具体目的
- 介词短语：for real systemic change. 为对象状语，修饰动词：push ，说明其具体对象
去掉从句扩展部分，就得到了从句核心：
- that …… we must shop …… , rather than …… hold …… governments and industries to account …… —— …… 我们必须购物 …… 而不是追究 …… 政府与工厂的责任 ……
